Ezimbalwa izinkambu ezithwala kanzima kangaka ukuthuthukiswa komhlaba wonke njengemboni kasimende. Wonke amabhuloho, imibhoshongo, imigwaqo, nezindawo zokuhlala ziqala nge-clinker le mboni ikhiqiza ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu. Nokho, imboni kasimende nayo imi empambanweni yemigwaqo, icindezelwa izindleko zamandla, imithetho yokukhishwa kwezinto ezihlile, kanye nesidingo esingapheli sezinto ezisebenza kangcono. Abaqhubi abashintsha ngokushesha bangakwazi ukuguqula lezi zingcindezi zibe amathuba okuncintisana angempela, kuyilapho labo abangabazayo bengazithola beshiywa emuva izimbangi ezisheshayo nezihlanzekile. Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi imboni kasimende ibheka kuphi kanye nokuthi izithasiselo zamakhemikhali ezithuthukile zishintsha kanjani umnotho wokukhiqiza. Futhi sethula i-Dezhou Zhongke New Materials Co., Ltd., inkampani yezobuchwepheshe obuphezulu izithasiselo zayo ezisiza abakhiqizi emhlabeni wonke ukuthi bathole imiphumela engcono kakhulu.

I-Dezhou Zhongke New Materials Co., Ltd. iyinkampani yezobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ezinikele ocwaningweni, ekuthuthukisweni, nasekukhiqizweni kwezithako zikakhonkolo kanye nezithako zikasimende. Kusukela ezikhungweni zayo zanamuhla esifundazweni saseShandong, inkampani ihlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ethuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokugaya, ikhulise amandla okucindezela, futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kukakhonkolo omusha. Inhlangano yakhe igama layo ngesithembiso esilula: ukusebenza okulinganisekayo, okuphindaphindekayo okusekelwa ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile kanye nesevisi yezobuchwepheshe ephendulayo. Kulo mhlahlandlela wonke sihlola izitayela eziqhuba imboni kasimende, izithako ezikusigungu sikaDezhou Zhongke, kanye nezinzuzo ezingokoqobo eziletha endaweni yokusebenza. Futhi sichaza ukuthi le mikhiqizo ingena kanjani kumaphrojekthi ezingqalasizinda, ezohwebo, nezokuhlala. Ekugcineni, uzokuqonda ukuthi kungani amaqembu amaningi akhiqiza usimende ephendukela kumakhemikhali akhethekile ukuze ahlale eqhudelana.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza usimende ngokomlando ibilokhu idinga amandla amaningi, futhi ukusimama sekuye kwaba yinto ehamba phambili kulo wonke umqhubi ozimisele. Ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke bayaqinisa imithetho yokukhishwa kwezinto ezingcolisayo, kuyilapho amakhasimende okugcina efunwa kakhulu izixazululo zikakhonkolo ezinokukhishwa kwe-carbon ephansi. Izimboni eziningi zikasimende manje sezisebenzisa amafutha ashintshayo, zifaka esikhundleni se-clinker ngezinto ezengeziwe zikasimende, futhi zitshala imali ocwaningweni lokuthwebula i-carbon. Izithako zamakhemikhali zidlala indima ethule kodwa enamandla kulezi zinhlelo eziluhlaza, ngoba zivumela abakhiqizi ukuthi banciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngaphandle kokudela ikhwalithi yokugcina. Isisetshenziswa sokusila, ngokwesibonelo, singanciphisa ugesi osetshenziswa ngetani ngalinye likasimende oqediwe ngezinga elikhulu. Lokho kuthuthukiswa okukodwa kwehlisa kokubili izindleko zokusebenza kanye nomkhondo we-carbon wemaski ngayinye ethunyelwa isuka efektri kasimende.

Ikhula indima yezithako zamakhemikhali ikhombisa ushintsho olukhulu endleleni imboni kasimende ecabanga ngayo ngokusebenza kahle. Abakhiqizi abasabheki izithako njengezinto ezingeziwe ezingeyona into ebalulekile, kodwa njengamathuluzi ayisisekelo okuthuthukisa imigqa yonke yokukhiqiza. Ngisho nabaholi bezimakethe abaphumela babo benyanga zonke bevame ukuthonya intengo kasimende i-Ultratech ebheka izindinganiso kulo lonke elaseNdiya, batshala imali enkulu kuzithako zokugaya kanye nezithako ezithuthukisa amandla. Ngokufanayo, inkampani i-Shree Cement yandise umthamo wayo ngenkathi ibika ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla, ukuthuthuka okuncike ezithakweni ezakhiwe ngokunembile. Kwabaqhubi abancane, isifundo sicacile: amakhemikhali enye yezindlela ezisheshayo zokuvala igebe nabakhulu bembonini. Kusukela ezikhungweni ezinkulu ezihlanganisiwe kuya kuyunithi yesifunda yokugaya, ubuchwepheshe obufanayo bezithako buletha imiphumela elinganayo.

I-Dezhou Zhongke New Materials Co., Ltd. yakhe umugqa wemikhiqizo obhekana nazo zonke izigaba zenqubo yokukhiqiza usimende. Umndeni wokuqala wemikhiqizo, izinsiza zokugaya usimende, wenzelwe ukunciphisa amandla adingekayo lapho i-clinker igaywa ibe yimpuphu ecolekile. Lezi zingxube zivimbela ukunamathela ndawonye, zivumela izinhlayiya ukuthi zigeleze ngokukhululeka emshinini wokugaya futhi zikhuphule umthamo ngaphandle kokutshala imali eyengeziwe emishinini. Izinsiza zethu zokugaya ziyahambisana nama-ball mills, ama-vertical roller mills, kanye nezinhlelo zesimanje ezihlanganisiwe, okwenza kube lula ukuzamukela kunoma yimuphi umbhoshongo wokukhiqiza usimende. Ziphinde zinciphise ukuqoqeka kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezintweni zokugaya nakuma-liners, okwandisa impilo yemishini futhi kunciphise isikhathi sokuma kokulungisa. Ngalezi zinsiza, imboni ivame ukukwazi ukukhuphula umkhiqizo ngamaphesenti ayishumi kuya kwamashumi amabili ngenkathi inciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngethani ngalinye.

Umkhiqizo wesibili womndeni, izithuthukisi zamandla, ugxile kakhulu kuleyo mpahla onjiniyela abayithanda kakhulu: amandla okucindezela. Lezi zithasiselo ziguqula amakhemikhali e-hydration kasimende ukuze kutholakale amandla amaningi e-clinker aguqulelwe ekwakhiweni okuthwala umthwalo ekuqaleni nasekugcineni kwezikhathi. Amakhasimende ngokuvamile abona amandla aphezulu ngosuku lokuqala, izinsuku ezintathu, nezinsuku ezingamashumi amabili nantathu, okubavumela ukuthi bandise ukufakwa kwe-clinker ngaphandle kokudela ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho. Lokhu kuguquguquka kubaluleke kakhulu namuhla, ngoba usimende ohlanganisiwe nge-fly ash, slag, noma i-limestone ungumgogodla wokukhiqiza usimende ongakhiphi kakhulu ikhabhoni. Ngokubuyisela amandla alahlekile ngenxa yokufaka esikhundleni, izithuthukisi zethu zinika abakhiqizi inkululeko yokulandela izindlela eziluhlaza. Ngokwezimo eziphathekayo, zingaze zivumele nemboni ukuthi yehlise i-clinker factor futhi inciphise izindleko zempahla ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Umndeni wesithathu wemikhiqizo, izithuthukisi zokusebenza, unika abakhiqizi ukulawula okucophelelayo kokuthi usimende uziphatha kanjani kukhonkolo osanda kwenziwa nowomile. Lezi zithuthukisi zilungisa isikhathi sokumisa, isidingo samanzi, ukugcinwa kokugeleza, nokumelana nezindawo ezinobudlova, okuvumela izingxube ukuthi zilungiswe ngokuya ngezimo zendawo. Usonkontileka osebenza esimweni sezulu esishisayo, ngokwesibonelo, angasebenzisa izithuthukisi zethu ukwelula isikhathi sokusebenza nokuvimbela ukumisa okungazelelwe. Okhathaleleneyo, imboni yezitshalo ezakha ngaphambilini efuna ukujikeleza okusheshayo ingasheshisa ukuqina kokuqala ngaphandle kokudela ukuqina kwesikhathi eside. Ngenxa yokuthi yonke ifomula ithuthukiswa emalabhorethri ethu futhi ihlolwe ngemishini yezimboni, imiphumela ihlala ifana kusukela kusayizi owodwa kuye komunye. Iphothifoliyo ephelele ye-Dezhou Zhongke ichazwe ngemininingwane kwiwebhusayithi yethu.IMIKHIGIZO ikhasi, lapho ungabuka khona imininingwane futhi ucele imibhalo yezobuchwepheshe.

Zona yonke esiyihlinzekayo igcina ihlolwa ngesilinganiso esifanayo: ingabe yenza ukhonkolo wokugcina ube namandla futhi uthembeke kakhulu? Izithuthukisi zethu zamandla zithuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo amandla okucindezela kuwo wonke umjikelezo wokwelapha, okuhumushela ngqo ezakhiweni eziphephile naseklamweni elincane. Ngamandla aphezulu asenesikhathi, abasebenzi bokwakha bangakwazi ukukhipha amafomu masinyane, basheshise imijikelezo yezitezi, futhi baqede amaphrojekthi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngamandla aphezulu esikhathi sakamuva, onjiniyela banganciphisa usayizi wezingxenye futhi bonge izinto zokwakha, okukhiqiza ukonga okudlulela kuso sonke isabelomali sephrojekthi. Ikhemistri efanayo futhi ithuthukisa ukubopha phakathi kukasimende kanye ne-aggregates, inciphise ukungena kwamanzi futhi ithuthukise ukuqina esikhathini eside. Kubakhiqizi embonini kasimende, usimende onamandla usho ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe ekuhlangabezaneni nezimfuneko eziqinile kunazo zonke kunoma iyiphi imakethe.

Amandla ayizindleko ezinkulu kakhulu eziguquguqukayo efektri yosimende, ngakho-ke ukuwanciphisa kunomthelela oqondile enzuzweni. Izinsiza zethu zokugaya kanye nezithuthukisi zisebenza ndawonye ukwehlisa amandla asetshenziswayo ngetoni ngayinye kasimende, futhi ukonga kubonakala esikweletini sokuqala sikagesi. Ezindaweni eziningi zokufaka, ukwehliswa kwamandla kukodwa kukhokhela izithako izikhathi eziningi, okwenza ukutshalwa kwezimali kuzikhokhele ngokwako. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi futhi kunciphisa umkhondo wekhabhoni wefektri, okubaluleke kakhulu unyaka ngamunye njengoba abalawuli namakhasimende becindezela. Inhlanganisela yokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphansi kanye nomkhiqizo ophezulu isho ukuthi umugqa wokukhiqiza usimende ungakhiqiza inani elengeziwe ezintweni ezifanayo ezibonakalayo. Embonini lapho imajini evame ukuba mncane khona, lezi zinzuzo zingumehluko phakathi kokusebenza okuphakathi nendawo nokuhle kakhulu.

Ukusebenza kahle kukho lapho ukusebenza kukasimende kubonakala khona kubantu abawubekayo empeleni. Izithuthukisi zethu zigcina ukhonkolo ugeleza kahle emapayipini, ukuzungeza insimbi yokuqinisa, nangaphakathi kwezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa noma ukopha ngokweqile. Lokhu akusheshisi nje ukubekwa kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yendawo eqediwe, kunciphisa isidingo sokulungisa okubizayo nomsebenzi wokuqeda. Izingxube ezicolekile, ezisebenza kalula nazo zivumela izilinganiso eziphansi zamanzi nokasimende, okukhuphula amandla nokuqina kanyekanye. Osonkontileka bavame ukubika ukuthi izingxube ezakhelwe phezu kwezithuthukisi zase-Dezhou Zhongke zilula ukuzicindezela nokuqeda, ngisho nasezimeni ezinzima. Konke lokhu kuthuthukiswa kusekela umgomo obanzi wokuletha ukusebenza okuphezulu kusuka kumitha khubhu ngalinye elithelwayo endaweni yokwakha yesimanje.

Ukuhlolwa kwangempela kwanoma yisiphi isithasiselo ukusebenza emkhakheni, futhi imikhiqizo yakwaDezhou Zhongke izifakazile kweziningi izimo zokusebenza. Emaphrojekthini engqalasizinda, njengemigwaqo emikhulu, amabhuloho, amathuneli, namachweba, izithasiselo zethu ziletha amandla aphezulu okuqala nokuqina okudingwa izakhiwo ezinkulu. La maphrojekthi avame ukubhekana nezikhathi eziqinile zokuphothula nezimo ezinzima zokuchayeka, kusukela emjikelezweni wokushisa nokubanda kuya ezindaweni zasolwandle ezinogwayi. Izakhiwo zethu zisiza ukhonkolo ukuthi umelane nalokhu kuhlasela ngenkathi uhlangabezana nezinhlelo ezinzima zokwakha. Ukuncipha kokungena kwamanzi kwandisa impilo yokusebenza yezakhiwo, kwehlisa izindleko zokugcina impilo yonke kubanikazi bomphakathi. Lapho izilinganiso zikalwa ngamashumi eminyaka, ukuthembeka kwekhemistri kubaluleka njengentengo yengxube.

Ukwakhiwa kwezentengiselwano nokuhlala kuzuza ngokufanayo ezingxenyeni ezithuthukisiwe zikasimende, nakuba izinto ezibalulekile zihluke kancane. Emibhoshongweni emide yezentengiselwano, imijikelezo esheshayo yezitezi ibalulekile, futhi amandla aphezulu asenesikhathi esingaphansi alethwa izithuthukisi zethu agcina wonke umsebenzi uqhubeka. Emiklamweni yokuhlala, ukuziphatha okungaguquki kokumisa nokuqedwa okulula kunciphisa amaphutha nokwenziwa kabusha, kuvikele inzuzo yomakhi. Iziguquli zethu zisiza nokuthi ukhonkolo usebenze ezimweni zezulu ezinzima, kusukela ezindaweni ezishisayo eziwugwadule kuya ekuthelweni okubandayo, okubalulekile konjiniyela abakha ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene. Ngenxa yokuthi le mikhiqizo ihambisana nosimende wePortland kanye nosimende oxubile ngokufanayo, impahla eyodwa ingasebenza wonke amaphrojekthi. Noma ngabe umsebenzi uyisakhiwo esincane sokuhlala noma ihhovisi eliyisikhumbuzo, ikhemistri efanayo ithuthukisa amathuba okuphumelela.

Ukuhambisana kungenye yemibuzo ebalulekile umkhiqizi angayibuza, futhi impendulo yethu ibanzi ngamabomu. Izithasiselo zaka-Dezhou Zhongke ziklanyelwe ukusebenza nosimende ojwayelekile we-Portland, usimende we-Portland-pozzolana, usimende we-slag, kanye nezinye izingxube ezivamile ezikhiqizwa umkhakha wokwakha ngamatshe. Zona