Umkhakha wokukhiqiza usimende emhlabeni wonke udlula esinye sezikhathi ezishintsha kakhulu emashumini eminyaka, eqhutshwa yimithetho eqinile yezemvelo, ukushintsha kokulindelwe ngabatshalizimali, kanye nokusungulwa okusha kwesayensi yezinto zokwakha. Kochwepheshe bomkhakha abalandela izindaba zikasimende, izinyanga eziyishumi nambili ezedlule zilethe ukugeleza okungapheli kwezinto ezikhombisa ukucabanga kabusha okujulile mayelana nokuthi usimende ukhiqizwa kanjani, usatshalaliswa kanjani, futhi ulawulwa kanjani. Ukusimama akuseyona into engaphansi; sekuphenduke umgogodla oyinhloko lapho amasu ezinkampani, ukusetshenziswa kwemali yocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa, kanye nokwabiwa kwemali kuzungeza khona. Amaphrojekthi okwandisa umthamo ezimakethe ezisafufusayo, uphenyo lwentela ezindaweni ezithuthukile, kanye nokuvela ngokushesha kobuchwepheshe bezinto ezibopha nge-carbon ephansi — konke lokhu kuqhudelana ukuze kutholwe ukunakwa. Izinkampani ezingazinaki lezi zinto zingase zisale emumva, kanti lezo ezijwayela ngokuqhubekayo — ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa izithasiselo ezithuthukile nezinsiza zokugaya — zingazuza inzuzo enkulu yokuncintisana. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuhlaziya okuphelele kwezindaba ezinomthelela omkhulu ezindabeni zakamuva zikasimende, ngokugxila okukhethekile endleleni izixazululo ezintsha ezivela ku-德州中科新材料有限公司 ezingasiza amabhizinisi ukuthi ahambe kule ndawo eyinkimbinkimbi.

Ngale kwezindaba eziyinhloko, kunezinhlobo ezijulile ezivelayo: ukuhlangana kwengcindezi yemvelo namathuba ezomnotho. Abakhiqizi kasimende emhlabeni wonke bathola ukuthi ukunciphisa umkhondo wabo wekhabhoni kuvame ukuhambisana nokwehlisa izindleko zokusebenza, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, nokuqinisa isikhundla sabo semakethe. Isibonelo, ukukhula kwezindlela zokubeka intengo yekhabhoni eYurophu nasezingxenyeni ezithile zase-Asia kwenze ukunciphisa i-clinker kungabi nje nje inhloso yemvelo kodwa kube yisidingo sezimali. Ngokufanayo, abatshali-zimali baya ngokuya behlola ngokujulile ukusebenza kwezemvelo, kwezenhlalo, nokubusa (ESG) kwezinkampani zikasimende, kanti abasele emuva babhekana nezindleko eziphakeme zokuboleka kanye nokuncipha kokufinyelela emalini. Ngenxa yalesi simo, zonke izindaba zikasimende — kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziphathelene nemboni entsha e-Afrika, isinqumo sentela eMpumalanga Yurophu, noma uxhaso lwezimali lwe-startup yobuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile — zinomthelela ezinqumweni zamasu okufanele abaphathi bikasimende bazenze namuhla.

Ezinkampanini ezincike emikhiqizweni yekhonkolo nokusimende okusebenza kahle kakhulu, ukuhlala unolwazi ngalawa makhambiso kubalulekile. Izinqumo ezenziwa abakhiqizi abakhulu zinomthelela kulo lonke uchungechunge lwenani lokwakha, kuthinta ukutholakala kwezinto, amanani, nekhwalithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinguquko zezimiso zomthetho esifundeni esisodwa zivame ukubikezela izinyathelo ezifanayo kwezinye izindawo, okwenza kubaluleke ukuthi abadlali bomhlaba wonke babheke phambili kunokuba baphendule kamuva. Lesi sihloko asigcini nje ngokufingqa intuthuko ebalulekile, kodwa futhi siyixhumanisa nezixazululo ezingokoqobo nezingenzeka — ikakhulukazi izithasiselo zokusimende ezithuthukile nezinsiza zokugaya ezihlinzekwa yi-德州中科新材料有限公司, ezinika amandla abakhiqizi ukuthi bafinyelele izinhloso zokusimama ngaphandle kokudela ukusebenza kahle noma inzuzo.

Mhlawumbe indawo ejabulisa kakhulu ezindabeni zamanje zikasimende ihlobene nobuchwepheshe bama-binder anekhabhoni ephansi okuthembisa ukwehlisa kakhulu umthelela wemvelo wokukhiqizwa kukasimende. Okuthuthukile okukodwa okuvelele ukuthi i-NeoCem ithole uxhaso lwezimali oluyimpumelelo lwama-€17 million ngobuchwepheshe bayo be-calcined clay binder. I-calcined clay, uma ihlanganiswa ne-limestone, ingathatha indawo yengxenye enkulu ye-clinker — ingxenye ekhiqiza kakhulu ikhabhoni kukasimende — kuyilapho igcina noma ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwemishini. Le ndlela, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-LC3 (Limestone Calcined Clay Cement), inamandla okunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO₂ ngokufika ku-40% uma iqhathaniswa nosimende wendabuko we-Portland. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu ku-NeoCem kukhombisa ukwethenjwa okuqinile kwabatshali-zimali ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe selukulungele ukusetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano ngezinga elikhulu, futhi kuphawula umzuzu obalulekile ezindabeni zikasimende wonke abadlali bomkhakha okufanele bawubuke ngokuqapha.

Olunye ukuphumelela luvela kubacwaningi abasungule i-geopolymer binder engenasimende, enziwe ngobuchwepheshe be-3D printing. Lokhu kusungulwa kuqeda ngokuphelele isidingo se-clinker, kuncike esikhundleni salokho emikhiqizweni eyimfucumfucu yezimboni njenge-fly ash kanye ne-ground granulated blast furnace slag, ecikeleliswa izixazululo ezi-alkaline. Nakuba ama-geopolymer efundwe amashumi eminyaka, ikhono lokuwaphrinta nge-3D limelela ukugxuma phambili ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo. Ukukhiqiza ngokungezela kuvumela ubunjiniyela obuyinkimbinkimbi, ukunciphisa ukumosheka kwezinto, kanye nezikhathi zokwakha ezisheshayo — konke lokhu kufeza umkhondo wekhabhoni ophansi ngama-70–80% kunokhonkolo ojwayelekile. Lobu buchwepheshe busezigabeni zokuqala zokuthengiswa, kodwa amandla balo makhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni ezenziwe ngaphambilini, izingxenye zengqalasizinda, kanye nezici zezakhiwo.

Ukubaluleka kwalokhu kuthuthukiswa emkhiqizweni we-德州中科新材料有限公司 akunakulinganiswa. Njengoba ihola kwezobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ekwakhiweni kokhonkolo kanye nezigcwalisi zikasimende, i-德州中科 inikeza izixazululo ezibhekana ngqo nenselelo yokunciphisa i-clinker factor. Izinsiza zazo zokugaya ezithuthukile, ngokwesibonelo, zivumela abakhiqizi ukuthi bagaye izinto ezinzima njenge-calcined clay ne-slag ngempumelelo enkulu, zinciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuyilapho zifeza ubuhle nobuciko obufiselekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-polycarboxylate superplasticizers kanye neziqinisekiso zokuqina ezithuthukile zivumela abakhiqizi ukuthi banxesheze noma yikuphi ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kusenesikhathi okungenzeka uma i-clinker ithathelwa indawo yizinto ezengeziwe zikasimende. Ngokuhlanganisa izithasiselo ze-德州中科 enqubweni yabo yokukhiqiza, izimboni zikasimende zingasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-low-carbon binder ngokuzethemba, zazi ukuthi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokusebenza kuzogcinwa. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngohlu olugcwele lwezixazululo ezitholakalayo, vakashela i-IMIKHIGIZO ikhasi lemininingwane eningiliziwe nedatha yobuchwepheshe.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-binder enekhabhoni ephansi akubona umqondo wesikhathi esizayo okude — sebusiqalwa ukusetshenziswa namuhla. Abakhiqizi abambalwa abakhulu basimende sebevele bethule imikhiqizo yezohwebo equkethe i-calcined clay noma ezinye izinto ezihlanganisayo ezihlukile, futhi impendulo yemakethe ibe mihle. Abadwebi bezakhiwo, onjiniyela, nosonkontileka baya ngokuya becacisa ukusetshenziswa kukakhonkolo onekhabhoni ephansi ukuze bathole izitifiketi zokwakha eziluhlaza ezifana ne-LEED ne-BREEAM, okudala isidingo esikhulu esisheshisa ukwamukelwa kwalobu buchwepheshe. Izinkampani ezibheke phambili ezifana ne-Holcim, enye yezinkampani ezinkulu ze-holcim group, sezizibophezele esidlangalaleni ezinhlosweni ezinkulu zokunciphisa i-CO₂ futhi zitshala kakhulu kubuchwepheshe be-binder obuhlukile. Leli threndi lidala ithuba elicacile kubaboneleli bezithasiselo abafana ne-德州中科 ukuthi babambisane nabakhiqizi basimende ohambweni olubheke ekufinyeleleni i-net zero.

Ngenkathi ubuchwepheshe be-low-carbon buhamba phambili ezindabeni zokusungula izinto ezintsha, ukwandiswa kwesikhundla sendabuko kuseyindikimba ebalulekile ezindabeni zikasimende emhlabeni wonke. Isibonelo esiphawulekayo iphrojekthi yokwandisa umthamo we-HBM Nigeria, ehlose ukwengeza umthamo omkhulu wokukhiqiza i-clinker nosimende ukuze isebenzele imakethe yezokwakha ekhula ngokushesha yaseNigeria. INigeria, ngobuningi babantu bayo nokusilela kwengqalasizinda, imele enye yezimakethe ezikhanga kakhulu kubakhiqizi bosimende. Nokho, umthamo omusha kufanele wakhiwe ngokucabangela ukusimama kusukela ekuqaleni. Izimboni zanamuhla zingaklanywa ngama-preheater asebenza kahle kagesi, izinhlelo zokubuyisela ukushisa okulahlekile, kanye nokuvumelana nokusebenzisa amafutha nezinto ezingezinye. Ngephrojekthi efana nokwandiswa kwe-HBM Nigeria, ukufaka izinsiza zokusila ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ezivela e-Dezhou Zhongke kusukela ngosuku lokuqala kungaqinisekisa ukuthi imboni isebenza ngobuchule obuphezulu, kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla futhi kwandisa umkhiqizo.

Ngokufanayo, imboni entsha kasimende ye-Shuntai Investments eZimbabwe imele ukuzibophezela okukhulu emakethe yaseNingizimu ye-Afrika. IZimbabwe inezinqolobane ezinkulu zamatshe e-limestone kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sikasimende esiqhutshwa yimisebenzi yengqalasizinda kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezindlu. Ukusungula imboni entsha ephelele kasimende kuwumsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi odinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela mayelana nekhwalithi yezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo, nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ezibhekene nezimboni ezintsha (greenfield plants) ukuthola ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo engaguquki ngesikhathi sokuqalisa ukusebenza. Lapha ubuchwepheshe be-德州中科 (Dezhou Zhongke) ezithasiselweni zikasimende buba yigugu elingenakulinganiswa. Izithasiselo zazo zokugaya (grinding aids) kanye nezithuthukisi zokusebenza (performance enhancers) zingasiza ukuzinzisa ukusebenza kwezimboni zokugaya, ukuthuthukisa ukuqina kasimende, nokunciphisa ukwehluka okuvame ukuhlupha izimboni ezintsha. Ngokubambisana nomhlinzeki wezithasiselo onolwazi, i-Shuntai Investments ingasheshisa indlela yayo yokufinyelela ekukhiqizeni okugcwele futhi yakhe idumela likasimende wekhwalithi ephezulu emakethe yaseZimbabwe.

E-India, umkhakha wosimende uyaqhubeka nokuheha ukunaka kwabadlali abakhulu. Inkampani kasimende yakwa-Adani iyaqhubeka nokwandisa umkhondo wayo ngokuthenga ezinye izinkampani kanye nokukhula okuzenzakalelayo, izibeke njengomunye wabakhiqizi bosimende abakhulu ezweni. Ukungena kwe-Adani Group emkhakheni wosimende kuguqule izimo zokuncintisana, kuphoqe abanye abadlali ukuthi batshale imali ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kanye nokwandisa amandla okukhiqiza. Ngokufanayo, izindaba zakamuva ze-jaiprakash associates limited zigqamise imizamo yenkampani yokudayisa izimpahla nokuhlela kabusha imisebenzi yayo, okudala amathuba kubahlanganisi nabathengi abanamasu. Ezimbonini zikasimende kulo lonke elase-India, ingcindezi yokwehlisa izindleko kuyilapho kugcinwa ikhwalithi inamandla kakhulu. Izithako zokugaya zase-德州中科 zakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukubhekana nezidingo zabakhiqizi bosimende base-India, lapho amazinga okushisa aphezulu, ikhwalithi yezinto ezingavuthiwe eguquguqukayo, nezinhlobo ezahlukene zikasimende (OPC, PPC, PSC) zidinga izixazululo zezithako eziguquguqukayo neziqinile. Ngokwehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla athile nokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo wezigayo, lezi zithako ziletha imbuyiselo esheshayo kumtshali-zimali.

Abatshalizimali abalandelela ukusebenza kwezimali komkhakha bavame ukubheka amanani amasheya njengenkomba yezempilo yemboni. Nakuba intengo yesheya le-JSW Cement namuhla ishintshashintsha ngenxa yemizwa yemakethe, imiphumela yekota, kanye nezindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa, umkhuba ongaphansi ucacile: izinkampani ezitshala imali ekusimameni nasekusebenzeni kahle zivuzwa yimakethe. I-JSW Cement, ngokwesibonelo, ibilokhu itshala imali kusimende esenziwe nge-slag kanye namandla aluhlaza, ihambisana nokuguquka komhlaba wonke kwezokwakha okunokukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuphansi. Ezinkampanini ezicabangela ukutshala imali okusha ekukhiqizeni usimende noma ukuthuthukisa izikhungo ezikhona, umlayezo uyafana: ukuvikela ikusasa ngokwamukela ubuchwepheshe nokuthuthukisa izithasiselo akusiyona izindleko kodwa ukutshala imali okubuyisa inzuzo ekusebenzeni kwezimali nasekongiweni kwemvelo.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimithetho kuyingxenye ebalulekile yezindaba zikasimende, njengoba ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke beqinisa ukugadwa kwemboni. Icala elisanda kwenzeka eliphawulekayo yilona lokuphenywa kwe-Armenia mayelana nokweqa intela, lapho iziphathimandla bezihlola izinkampani zikasimende ngezinsolo zokungabiki ngokugcwele kwamanani okukhiqiza kanye nezimemezelo zentela ezingafanele. Uphenyo olunjalo lugqamisa ukubaluleka kokusebenza ngokungafihli, amarekhodi anembile okukhiqiza, kanye nezinhlelo eziqinile zokuthobela imithetho. Imboni kasimende, njengoba idinga imali enkulu kakhulu futhi ivame ukusebenza ezindaweni ezinemithetho yentela eyinkimbinkimbi, ibhekana nokuhlolwa okuqhubekayo yiziphathimandla zentela. Izinkampani ezingakwazi ukukhombisa imibhalo efanele yokufakwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, imiphumela yokukhiqiza, kanye nemisebenzi yokuthengisa zisengozini yokujeziswa ngezimali ezinkulu, ukulimala kwesithunzi, kanye namacala obugebengu.

Ngaphezu kokuthobela imithetho yentela, imithethonqubo yezemvelo iya iba nzima kakhulu. I-European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) izomisa izindleko zekhabhoni kusimende elungiselelwe ukungeniswa ezweni, okuzoshintsha ngokuyisisekelo ukuhamba kokuhweba kanye nokuncintisana phakathi kwezinkampani. Abakhiqizi abathumela impahla eYurophu manje kumele babike umkhondo wabo wekhabhoni ngendlela eqinisekiswayo nephathekayo. Ngokufanayo, izintela zekhabhoni zikazwelonke kanye nezinhlelo zokuhweba ngokukhishwa kwegesi ziyasetshenziswa noma ziyanwetshwa emazweni anjengeCanada, iNingizimu Afrika, iChina, neNdiya. Ukuthobela le mithethonqubo kudinga ukuqapha okunembile kokukhishwa kwegesi, okuxhumene ngokuqondile nesici se-clinker, ingxube kaphethiloli, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla. Izithasiselo zikasimende ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezivela e-德州中科 zingaba nomthelela oqondile ekuthobeleni imithethonqubo ngokuvumela izici ze-clinker eziphansi, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kaphethiloli ngokuthuthukisa ukugaywa, futhi ekugcineni kwehlise ukukhishwa kwe-CO₂ ngetoni ngayinye kasimende okhiqizwayo.

Enye indlela yokulawula ukugxila kakhulu ezindinganisweni zekhwalithi yezinto zokwakha. Amazwe amaningi athuthukisa amazinga awo kazwelonke kasimende nokhonkolo ukuze ahambisane nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe, edinga ukuthi abakhiqizi bahlangabezane nezimfuneko eziqinile zokuqina kokucindezelwa, isikhathi sokuqina, ukuqina, nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ukwehluleka ukuhlangabezana nalezi zimfuneko kungaholela ekwenqatshweni komkhiqizo, ukubambezeleka kwephrojekthi, kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo wezomthetho. Izinsiza zokulawula ikhwalithi zase-德州中科 kanye nokwakheka kwama-additive okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kusiza abakhiqizi basimende ukuthi bahlangabezane noma badlule lezi zindinganiso ngokuqhubekayo. Ngokugcina ubudlelwano obuseduze nomhlinzeki wama-additive onolwazi, abakhiqizi bangakwazi ukuzulazula endaweni yezokulawula eguqukayo ngokuzethemba. Ukuze uthole eminye imininingwane mayelana nokuthi i-德州中科 isekela kanjani ukuthotsela imithetho nokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi, vakashela i-MAYELANA NATHI ikhasi ukuze ufunde ngezitifiketi zenkampani, amandla ocwaningo nokuthuthukisa, kanye nokuzibophezela kwayo ekwenzeni okuhle.

Ngemuva kokubuyekeza izindikimba ezinkulu ezindabeni zakamuva zikasimende — kusukela kuma-binder anekhabhoni ephansi nokwanda kwezimakethe kuya ekuthobeleni imithethonqubo — kuyacaca ukuthi abakhiqizi kasimende babhekana nezinselele eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga izixazululo ezihlanganisiwe. I-Dezhou Zhongke New Materials Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2003, isichithe iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili ithuthukisa futhi ikhiqiza izithasiselo zikakhonkolo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nezingezwa zikasimende ezibhekana nalezizinselele ngqo. Iphothifoliyo yemikhiqizo yale nkampani ihlanganisa ama-polycarboxylate superplasticizers, ama-grinding aids, izithuthukisi zamandla, iziguquli zesikhathi sokuqina, kanye nezingezwa ezikhethekile zezinhlelo ezithile ezifana nokhonkolo owandulelayo, ukhonkolo oxutshwe ngomshini, nokhonkolo ozihlanganisayo. Umkhiqizo ngamunye wakhiwa kusetshenziswa i-advanced polymer chemistry futhi uhlolwa ngokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquki ngaphansi kwezimo zangempela zomhlaba.

Izinzuzo zokubambisana ne-德州中科 zinkulu futhi zihambisana ngqo nezitayela zemboni okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko. Okokuqala, izinsiza zazo zokugaya zinganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla athile ezimbonini zikasimende ngamaphesenti angu-5–15, okuhumushela ekongeni kwezindleko zamandla okubalulekile kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-Scope 2. Okwesibili, izithuthukisi zazo zokushintsha i-clinker zivumela abakhiqizi ukuthi bandise isilinganiso sezinto zokwakha ezingezelelwe ezifana nomlotha wendiza, i-slag, kanye ne-limestone, banciphise i-clinker factor kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO₂ okuhambisana nakho ngamaphoyinti amaphesenti angu-10 noma ngaphezulu. Okwesithathu, izithasiselo zazo zokuqinisa amandla zingathuthukisa amandla okucindezela akuqala nangamva, zivumele abakhiqizi ukuthi balungiselele iresiphi yabo kasimende ngaphandle kokudela ukusebenza kahle. Okwesine, amafomula abo enziwe ngokwezifiso aklanyelwe ukusebenza nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokusetshenziswa nezimo zenqubo, enikeza ukuguquguquka nokwethembeka okungenakufaniswa nemikhiqizo ekhona eshalofini.

Ukuzibophezela kwe-德州中科 ekusunguleni kusekelwa ithimba elizinikele le-R&D kanye nezinsiza zesimanje zaselebhu. Inkampani ihlala iqapha intuthuko kusayensi kasimende kanye nekhemistri yepholima ukuze yakhe izixazululo ezibheka phambili izidingo zemakethe. Noma ngabe iklayenti lakha imboni entsha ye-greenfield, lithuthukisa indawo ekhona, noma lifuna nje ukulungisa umthamo walo we-additive ukuze londoloze izindleko, i-德州中科 ihlinzeka ngokusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuhlolwa endaweni, kanye nokuqapha ukusebenza okuqhubekayo. Umlando wenkampani uhlanganisa ukubambisana okuphumelelayo nabakhiqizi kasimende e-Asia, e-Afrika, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, naseLatin America, okubonisa ukusebenza komhlaba wonke kwemikhiqizo yabo. Ukuze uhlole ukuthi i-德州中科 ingakusiza kanjani ibhizinisi lakho lichume esimweni esishintshayo sikasimende, vakashela i-IKHASI ikhasi lokubuka konke amandla enkampani bese ubuka IMIKHIQIZO ikhasi ukuze uthole isixazululo esifanele izidingo zakho ezithile.

Ekugcineni, imboni kasimende isemgwaqweni onqumayo. Ingcindezi yokwehlisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni iyakhula, izimakethe ziyashintsha, futhi imithetho iyaqina. Izinkampani ezisabela ngokuqhubekayo ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile bokwengeza ngeke nje zinciphise umthelela wazo kwezemvelo kodwa futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kanye nenzuzo yazo. I-Dezhou Zhongke New Materials Co., Ltd. imi ilungele ukuba umlingani othembekile kulolu hambo, inikeza izixazululo eziqinisekisiwe ezisekelwa ubuchwepheshe bamashumi eminyaka nokuzibophezela kwangempela empumelelweni yamakhasimende. Ukuze uthole izincomo eziqondene nawe nokubonisana ngobuchwepheshe, unganqikazi ukuxhumana nathi.Ukusekela ikhasi — ithimba lethu lochwepheshe litholakala ukuthi lixoxe ngezinselele zakho ezithile futhi liklame isixazululo esiletha imiphumela elingekayo. Vakashela i-IZINDABA ikhasi ukuze uhlale unolwazi ngezinto ezintsha ezisanda kwenzeka nezifundo zamacala avela kwinethiwekhi yethu yomhlaba wonke yabalingani.

Umkhuba obalulekile kakhulu ezindabeni zamanje zikasimende ukushesha kwemboni ekushintsheni kwayo ekukhiqizeni ngekhabhoni ephansi. Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa ngekhabhoni ephansi obufana nosimende wobumba oshisiwe (LC3), ama-geopolymers, kanye nokuthwebula ikhabhoni buheha utshalomali olukhulu. Izinkampani ezisebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe zinciphisa umthelela wazo emvelweni kuyilapho zithola inzuzo yokuncintisana ezimakethe lapho ukusimama kubaluleka kakhulu kumakhasimende, abatshali-zimali, nabalawuli.

Izithako zikasimende, ikakhulukazi izinsiza zokugaya ezithuthukisiwe kanye nezikhuthazi zokushintsha i-clinker ezivela ezinkampanini ezifana ne-德州中科新材料有限公司, zivumela abakhiqizi ukuthi banciphise isilinganiso se-clinker kusimende. Njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwe-clinker kuba nomthelela omkhulu ekukhishweni kwe-CO₂, ukushintsha ingxenye ye-clinker ngezinto ezingeziwe zikasimende kwehlisa kakhulu umkhondo wekhabhoni. Izithako nazo zithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokugaya, zinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokukhishwa okuhambisana nakho.

Ubumba olushisiwe, uma lusetshenziswa kanye ne-limestone, lungathatha indawo yezingxenye ezingafika ku-40% ze-clinker kusimende kuyilapho kugcinwa ukusebenza okufanayo kwe-mechanical. Lobu buchwepheshe, obaziwa ngokuthi i-LC3, bunikeza indlela engabizi kakhulu yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwezinto eziningi. Ubumba olushisiwe lutholakala kakhulu ezifundeni eziningi, okwenza kube yisixazululo esifinyeleleka kalula kubakhiqizi bamasimende emhlabeni wonke. Izinsiza zokugaya ezivela e-德州中科 zingathuthukisa ukucutshungulwa kobumba olushisiwe ukuze kutholakale ukusebenza okuphezulu nokusebenza kahle.

I-德州中科新材料有限公司 inikeza izixazululo zezithasiselo ezenziwe ngokwezidingo ezihlukile zezinto zokusetshenziswa, izimo zenqubo, kanye nezidingo zomkhiqizo wezimboni zosimende ezimakethe ezisafufukayo. Ithimba labo lobuchwepheshe linikeza ukusekela endaweni, izifundo zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezimboni zokugaya, kanye nosizo lokuhlola ukuze kusizwe abakhiqizi ukuthi bafinyelele ikhwalithi engaguquki, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi. Ulwazi lwenkampani emhlabeni wonke ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zosimende luqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile ngisho nasezimeni eziyinselele.

Intengo yamasheya e-JSW Cement nezinye izinkampani zikasimende ezidayiswa esidlangalaleni ikhombisa imizwa yemakethe mayelana nempilo yezezimali yomkhakha, amathuba okukhula, kanye nekhono lokubhekana nezinselelo zemvelo nezokulawula. Ukulandelela izintengo zamasheya kanye nezindaba zikasimende kusiza abatshalizimali nochwepheshe bomkhakha ukuthi babone ukuthi yiziphi izinkampani ezibhekwa njengezisesimweni esihle kakhulu zokuphumelela isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile zithanda lezo ezinamasu aqinile okusimama nokusebenza kahle.

Izinkampani ze-Holcim Group ziphakathi kwabaholi bomhlaba ekukhiqizeni usimende oqhubekayo, nezikolelo zomphakathi zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO₂ ngetani ngalinye likasimende ngamaphesenti angu-20 noma ngaphezulu ngonyaka ka-2030. Zitshala imali enkulu kwezinye izinto ezibopha, ubuchwepheshe bokuthwebula ikhabhoni, imizamo yomnotho oyindilinga, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla. Indlela ye-Holcim ibonisa ukuthi abakhiqizi bosimende abakhulu bangahlanganisa ukusimama nenzuzo, njengesibonelo somkhakha.

Okubalulekile okufanele kucatshangelwe kufaka phakathi ubuchwepheshe bomhlinzeki, uhla lwemikhiqizo, izinqubo zokulawula ikhwalithi, kanye nekhono lokwenza izinhlanganisela eziqondene nezinto ezithile zokusetshenziswa kanye nezinhlobo zikasimende. Umhlinzeki onokwethenjelwa njenge-德州中科新材料 kufanele anikeze ukwesekwa okuphelele, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwezimboni zokugaya, ukulungiswa kwemithamo, kanye nokuqapha ukusebenza okuqhubekayo. Ukonga izindleko kubalulekile, kodwa kufanele kuhlolwe kanye namathuba okonga amandla, ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi.

Uphenyo lokulawula lugcizelela isidingo sezinhlelo eziqinile zokuthobela imithetho, amarekhodi anembile okukhiqiza, kanye nezinqubo zebhizinisi ezisobala. Amacala anjalo angaholela ekuqinisweni kokuphoqelelwa kwemithetho yentela neyezemvelo kulo lonke imboni, okwandisa izindleko zokungathobeli imithetho. Abakhiqizi kasimende kufanele baqinise ngokuzenzakalelayo izilawuli zabo zangaphakathi futhi babambisane nabahlinzeki abanegama elihle abagcina amazinga aphezulu okuziphatha nokuthobela imithetho.

Yebo, izithako zikasimende zidlala indima ebalulekile ekwehliseni umkhondo wekhabhoni kasimende, okuphathelene ngqo nokuthobela i-CBAM. Ngokuvumela izici eziphansi ze-clinker nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, izithako zisiza abakhiqizi ukuthi behlise ukukhishwa kwazo ngetani likasimende. Ukubhalwa okunembile kokusetshenziswa kwezithako nomthelela wazo ekukhishweni kwekhabhoni kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe imikhondo yekhabhoni nokugwema izindleko zokulungisa umngcele.

I-德州中科新材料有限公司 inikeza ulwazi olungaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amabili emikhakheni yezinto zokwakha zikasimende nokhonkolo, inomlando oqinisekisiwe wokusiza abakhiqizi ukuthi bathole ukunciphisa okukhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla, ukukhishwa kwezinto ezimbi, nezindleko ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Indlela yabo ehleliwe, ukusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe, nokuzibophezela ekusunguleni izinto ezintsha kubenza babe ngumlingani othembekile ezitshalweni zikasimende zazo zonke izilinganiso. Xhumana nabo nge-Ukusekelwa ikhasi ukuze uxoxe ngezidingo zakho ezithile futhi uthole ukuthi izixazululo zabo zingashayela kanjani intuthuko elinganisekayo emisebenzini yakho.