Ukuqina kukakhonkolo kubaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke amaphrojekthi okwakhiwa aphumelelayo, futhi ukuqonda izithako ezinjengokunciphisa amanzi kukakhonkolo kungenza umehluko phakathi kwezakhiwo ezijwayelekile nezihlala njalo. Ukulawula kahle ukufakwa kwamanzi kanye nokunciphisa isilinganiso samanzi-sikakhonkolo kuyisisekelo sokufeza amandla aphezulu okucindezela, ukumelana neqhwa okuthuthukisiwe, nokunciphisa ukungena kwamanzi. Lesi sihloko sihluza ukuthi izindlela zakamuva zokunciphisa amanzi—ikakhulukazi ama-plasticizer asekelwe ku-PCE—ziletha kanjani ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza nokusimama kubakhi, abakhiqizi bangaphambi kwesikhathi, nabathuthukisi bengqalasizinda. Ngokufunda isiqondiso esisebenzayo sokukhetha nokusebenzisa, ochwepheshe bokwakha bangalungisa izixube ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukonga izindleko nomthelela emvelweni ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa iziphetho ezisezingeni eliphezulu nokuphila okwandisiwe.

Isinciphisi samanzi, esibizwa nangokuthi isinciphisi samanzi sikakhonkolo noma isengezo esinciphisa amanzi, yisengezo samakhemikhali esenzelwe ukwehlisa isidingo samanzi ekuxubeni kukakhonkolo ngaphandle kokudela ukusebenza kwawo. Lezi zengezo zisebenza ngokuhlakaza izinhlayiya zikakhonkolo, kunciphisa inani lawo amanzi adingekayo ukuze kutholwe i-slump ethile nokuthuthukisa ukugcwala kwezinhlayiya. Umphumela uthi amandla aphezulu ekuqaleni nasemva kwesikhathi, ukuncipha kokuncipha, nokuqina okungcono. Izinciphisi zamanzi zesimanje, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezisekelwe ku-polycarboxylate ether (PCE), zinikeza ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe nokuhambisana nezinto ezingezekayo ezisiza ukhonkolo, okuzenza zilungele izinhlobonhlobo zezicelo kusuka ekuxubeni esilungile kuya ekukhiqizeni okuhlanganisiwe.

Ama-reducer amanzi avame ukuhlukaniswa abe yizigaba ezijwayelekile (ezivamile), ezingaphakathi, kanye neziphakeme (ama-superplasticizer) ngokusekelwe ekuqineni kwawo kwamanzi nomthelela wawo ekusebenzeni. Ama-reducer ajwayelekile anciphisa amanzi ngo-5-10% futhi alungele ukwanda kwamandla okulinganiselayo nokuqedwa okuthuthukisiwe. Ama-reducer aphakathi anciphisa amanzi ngo-10-20% futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni okujwayelekile lapho kufunwa amandla athuthukisiwe nokugeleza. Ama-reducer amanzi aphakeme, avame ukubizwa ngama-superplasticizer, anganciphisa amanzi ngo-20-40% noma ngaphezulu futhi abalulekile kumandla aphezulu, ukhonkolo ozihlanganyelayo (SCC) nokugcwalisa izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Uhlobo ngalunye luthinta isikhathi sokubeka, ukushisa kwe-hydration, nokuhambisana nezinye izithako, ngakho-ke ukukhetha kufanele kuhambisane nezidingo zephrojekthi kanye nomklamo wokuxuba.

Ukusebenzisa isinciphisi esiqinile kuletha izinzuzo ezilinganisekayo kuzo zonke izigaba zephrojekthi. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla kuyinzuzo eyinhloko; amazinga aphansi amanzi-sementi atholwa ngezinciphisi zamanzi aphumela emandleni aphezulu okucindezela kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezici zemishini. Izinzuzo zokuqina zihlanganisa ukuncipha kokungena kwamanzi, ukumelana namakhemikhali okuthuthukisiwe, nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kweqhwa-ukuqhwa, okwandisa impilo yesakhiwo. Izinciphisi zamanzi futhi zinciphisa amathuba okugqabhuka ngokunciphisa ukuncipha futhi zivumela ukususwa kusenesikhathi nokujikeleza okusheshayo ekukhiqizweni kwe-precast. Ngokombono wezindleko, izinciphisi zamanzi zivumela ukuncishiswa kwe-sementi noma ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe ngaphandle kwe-sementi eyengeziwe, okushayela ukonga izinto kanye namandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugqibezela okungcono kanye nekhwalithi engaphezulu kunciphisa ukwenziwa kabusha kanye nezindleko zabasebenzi esizeni.

Ukuqina kwamanzi okunciphisa izithako ezithinta ikhwalithi yodaka kuthinta ukuqeda, ukukhululwa kusenesikhathi, nokuqina kwesikhathi eside. I-rheology ethuthukisiwe inikeza abasebenzi ukulawula okungcono ngesikhathi sokubeka nokuqeda, okuvumela izindawo ezibushelelezi nokunciphisa izimbobo. Ekuqinisweni kwangaphambili nasezindaweni ezidinga ukubunjwa kakhulu, amanzi aphezulu anciphisa ukukhululwa kusenesikhathi ngokukhawuleza ukuthola amandla kusenesikhathi lapho kulungiswe kahle, kuthuthukisa izinga lokukhiqiza. Ukuthuthukiswa kokuqina kufaka phakathi ukungena kwe-chloride okuphansi nokumelana nokuhlaselwa yi-sulfate, ikakhulukazi lapho kuhlanganiswa nezinto ezingeziwe ze-cementitious. Ukudosa kahle nokuhlolwa kokuhambisana kubalulekile—ukudosa ngokweqile noma ukuhlanganiswa okungahambisani kungaholela ekuhlukaneni, ukubeka okubambezelekile, noma izinkinga zendawo.

I-admixture yokunciphisa amanzi ku-concrete isetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi: izakhiwo eziphakeme lapho kufunwa khona ukumpompa namandla aphezulu, amaphrojekthi ezindawana ezifana namabhuloho nemihume edinga ukuqina isikhathi eside, ukukhiqizwa kwe-precast ukuze kutholwe izikhathi ezisheshayo, kanye ne-concrete yezakhiwo ukuze kutholwe iziphetho ezingcono kakhulu. Ezindaweni zasolwandle nezivezwe kalula, abanciphisi bamanzi bathuthukisa ukumelana namakhemikhali futhi banciphise ukungena ukuze kuvikelwe ukuqinisa. Ezinhlelweni ze-mass concrete, abanciphisi obuphakathi banganciphisa ukushisa kwe-hydration ngenkathi kugcinwa imigomo yamandla. Ukuguquguquka kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zabanciphisi bamanzi kuvumela ukulungiswa kwe-mix ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zemvelo nezakhiwo.

Abalawuli bamanzi banikela ekusimameni ngokuvumela ukusetshenziswa okuncane kukasamente ukuze uthole ukusebenza okufanayo noma okuthuthukisiwe, okunciphisa ngqo i-CO₂ enomzimba ehambisana nokukhiqizwa kukasamente. Lapho kusetshenziswa izinto ezisiza usamente (ama-SCM) njengomlotha ondizayo noma i-slag, abalawuli bamanzi bavumela amazinga aphezulu okubuyiselwa ngaphandle kokudela ukusebenza noma amandla. Lokhu kuhambisana nezinjongo zokwakha okuluhlaza namasu okunciphisa ikhabhoni esikhathini eside. Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza nokuphila isikhathi eside kwezakhiwo kunciphisa imijikelezo yokugcinwa kanye nomthelela wezemvelo enomzimba, kusekela izinhloso zokusimama zamabhizinisi ezinkontileka nabahlinzeki bezinto ezisetshenziswayo ngokufanayo.

Ukukhetha isinciphisi samanzi esifanele kufuna ukufanisa amakhemikhali esithako nezidingo zephrojekthi. Ama-superplasticizer asekelwe ku-PCE manje angawona asebenza kahle kakhulu ekunciphiseni amanzi okuphezulu, anikeza ukugcinwa okuhle kwe-slump, ukunciphisa umthamo, nokuhambisana nama-SCM. Amafomula enziwe ngokwezifiso—ahlanganiswa abakhiqizi abanjengoDezhou Zhongke New Materials Co., Ltd.—angabhekana ne-mineralogy yosimende yasendaweni, izici zamatshe, nezimo zezulu. Lapho ukhetha umkhiqizo, hlolela idatha yobuchwepheshe yomkhiqizi, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuhambisana, imithamo enconyiwe, nokusekelwa kokulawula ikhwalithi. Abahlinzeki abathembekile bahlinzeka ngokuhlolwa komthamo, iziqinisekiso zokusebenza, nosizo lobuchwepheshe endaweni ukuqinisekisa imiphumela engaguquki.

I-Dezhou Zhongke New Materials Co., Ltd. igxile kuma-admixtures ethuthukisiwe kakhonkolo okubandakanya imikhiqizo ye-concrete water reducer eyenzelwe amandla nokusimama. Ngokugxila ekwakhiweni okushukumiswe ucwaningo namandla okukhiqiza endawo, inkampani ihlinzeka ngama-admixtures e-PCE-based water reducer enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nezixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezitshalweni zangaphambi kokusakaza nezilungile. Ukwesekwa kwabo kobuchwepheshe kufaka phakathi ukuthuthukisa ukuxubeka, ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana, nesiqondiso sokusebenzisa ukusiza ososayensi ukunciphisa izindleko futhi bahlangabezane nemigomo yokuqina. Ukusebenza nomphakeli osemisiwe njenge-Dezhou Zhongke kuqinisekisa ukufinyelela ekulawuleni kwekhwalithi, ukuhlinzekwa okungaguquki, nentuthuko yomkhiqizo ehambisana nezitayela zokusimama zemboni.

Ukuphumelela kokusetshenziswa komthamo wokunciphisa amanzi ku-concrete kufuna ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile nokuthobela izindlela ezihamba phambili. Qala ngezivivinyo zaselebhu ukuthola umthamo ofanele futhi ubheke imiphumela ku-slump, isikhathi sokuqina, nokuthola amandla. Gada ukungaguquguquki kwe-batch-to-batch esitshalweni futhi ulungise umthamo womthamo wokunciphisa amanzi ukuze kube nokuhlukahluka ku-cement, umswakama we-aggregate, kanye nezinga lokushisa. Sebenzisa imishini yokukhipha esekelwe kumamitha futhi uqeqeshe amaqembu ekusingatheni nasekuvikelekeni. Gcina idatha yokusebenza, okubandakanya izivivinyo zamandla okucindezela nezinkomba zokuqina, ukuze uqinisekise izinzuzo zesikhathi eside. Ukubambisana namaqembu ezobuchwepheshe avela kubathengisi njengoDezhou Zhongke kungenza kube lula ukufaneleka nokwethulwa.

Abalawuli bamanzi e-concrete bayithuluzi elisebenzayo lokuthuthukisa amandla, ukuqina, nokusimama ekwakhiweni kwesimanje. Ngokukhetha izindlela ezifanele—ikakhulukazi izinketho ezisebenza kahle ezisekelwe ku-PCE—nokulandela izimiso zokuhlola nokulawula ikhwalithi, amabhizinisi angathuthukisa ukusebenza futhi anciphise izindleko kanye ne-carbon esele. I-Dezhou Zhongke New Materials Co., Ltd. inikeza izixazululo zemikhiqizo eziqondisiwe kanye nokwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe ukusiza amaphrojekthi ukuthi ahlangane nemigomo yawo yokwakhiwa kanye nemvelo. Ukuze uthole imininingwane yomkhiqizo nokuhlola izixazululo ezihambelana nezidingo zakho, vakashela inkampani'sIMIKHIQIZO page or learn more about their corporate offerings at NGATHI. Additional resources and contact options are available on the Support page.